Hamlet: Literary

In the play of Hamlet, Shakespeare sets up three plots of vengeance which include three characters, each resolved to retaliate for their expired friends and family. Vengeance is basically a common component in the play and can be noted as a significant subject. Vengeance is regularly lead by uncontrolled feelings, influencing an individual’s musings and emotions diversely and inciting the person to act without an explanation. The play encourages us question the legitimacy and advantages of retribution through the story’s individual characters.King Hamlet shows up as a phantom and illuminates Hamlet that he was killed in his rest by Claudius. He tells his child that while he was dozing, Claudius emptied poison into his ear. Hamlet is stunned by the phantoms words. The apparition asks Hamlet to â€Å"Revenge his foul and most unnatural homicide. † (I. 5. 25) Prince Hamlet vow’s to retaliate for his father’s passing, and guarantees not hurt his mom des pite the fact that he blame’s her for re-wedding to his uncle directly after his father’s death.Since the vengeance was mentioned, and not Prince Hamlet’s own choice, we could address if Hamlet would consider avenging his dad, regardless of whether he wasn’t advised to. We know that Hamlet is discouraged about his father’s demise, his mom re-wedding, and the absence of grieving the realm is accomplishing for the passing of the King, yet he doesn't end it all despite the fact that he thinks about it at a certain point. Hamlet’s forlornness, sentiments of outrage, and distress would positively propel him to vindicate his father’s passing by killing Claudius. A miscreant murders my dad, and for that, I, his sole child, do this equivalent scoundrel send to paradise. † (III. 3. 77)Hamlet doesn’t quickly retaliate for his father’s demise, he experiences a stage where he examines and defers when he ought to submit the dem onstration of executing Claudius. Fortinbras is another character in the play who wants to vindicate his father’s demise by recovering the land his dad lost to King Hamlet. Both Prince Hamlet and Prince Fortinbras have uncles who have taken their perished fathers legitimate spot at King while the Princes plot an approach to retaliate for their fathers.Fortinbras constructs a military to reclaim the regions they lost while likewise assaulting Denmark, making him an issue for Denmark. â€Å"†¦ Now, sir, youthful Fortinbras, of unchanged grit hot and full, hath in the skirts of Norway to a great extent sharked up a rundown of uncivilized resolutes, for food and diet, to some venture that hath a stomach in't; which is no different as it doth well show up unto our state yet to recuperate of us, by solid hand and terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands so by his dad lost; and this, I take it, is the fundamental rationale of our preparations†¦ (I. 1. 95) This specific st atement causes us see how quick Fortinbras acts towards avenging his dad. He makes a move immediately, as connected to Hamlet who suspends his chances. While talking about with his mom, Hamlet speculates that there is a covert operative in the room. â€Å"How now? A rodent? Dead, for a ducat, dead! † (III. 4. 23) Assuming that it is Claudius, Hamlet draws his blade and strikes at the window ornament where inquisitive Polonius is overhang dropping. Getting the updates on his father’s demise, Laertes is vow’s to retaliate for his dad. How came he dead? I'll not be shuffled with: to heck, devotion! promises, to the blackest fiend! Inner voice and elegance, to the profoundest pit! I dare punishment. To this point I stand, that both the universes I provide for carelessness, let come what comes; just I'll be vindicated most completely for my dad. † Laertes reacts quickly, his words loaded with venom. Much the same as Fortinbras, Laertes acts quickly; flooding in to the manor, arranged to rebuff the individual liable for his father’s passing. (IV. 5. 35) Claudius can control Laertes and Hamlet in a duel, asserting that â€Å"Revenge ought to have no bounds† (IV. 7. 128) and promising that Hamlet would be harmed to death. Now of the play, each of the three children are focused on avenging their father’s passings. Laertes is additionally told that Ophelia has suffocated, further upsetting him, and intensifying the current circumstance. The three noteworthy characters: Hamlet, Fortinbras, and Laertes each have their own specific manners of looking for retaliation, for their father’s passings and acquiring their desires.Fortinbras blames retribution so as to send in his military to reclaim the regions his dad lost to King Hamlet, which legitimizes that he needs a control. Hamlet and Laertes realize that their father’s have been wronged. Hamlet experiences despondency, and the realm doesn't have the foggiest ide a about the genuine purpose for his father’s demise, so he is resolved to uncover truth and upset his uncle. Laertes is rankled about his dad and sister’s pointless demise, censuring Hamlet for the reason for it. The play can be seen as an awful story with different passings chiefly incited by individuals from their own family and kingdom.They are compelled to duel, and battle to the demise to respect their father’s soul, somewhat then to determine the circumstance in a humanized manner. The theme: retribution is repeating on the grounds that the characters of the play feel the need retaliate for their dads, they are made distraught by it, as it assumes responsibility for their psyche. Their eyes are loaded up with scorn, doubt and despondency as they who were once companions, fight until the very end. What they accomplish toward the end is a useless exertion, since it brought about extra superfluous passings, that are not legitimate.

Is an Ugly Girl with Five Cows Really Worth More Than a Pretty Girl with One Essay Example

Is an Ugly Girl with Five Cows Really Worth More Than a Pretty Girl with One? Article Is a terrible young lady with five bovines extremely worth in excess of a pretty young lady with one? This inquiry is unexpected today in comparison to it was several years prior. Family, as we probably am aware it today despite everything will in general be founded on property including one life partner and posterity. Marriage is still legitimately directed and is an agreement between two accomplices; anyway the accentuation on appearance has gotten critical. The nuclear family has changed; single guardians, mixed families and non-standard sexual connections are turning into the standard as opposed to the special case. In J. H. Plumb’s â€Å" The Dying Family† the cliché nuclear family is differentiated by the present condition of the family. Clearly the meaning of family has developed particularly in present day culture. Originating from the eyes of a twenty-year-old single male, one may ask, why trouble, with marriage on the off chance that you can be with a lot of various ladies. As a person, with age and development this without a doubt may change. Anyway the responsibility of marriage is by all accounts a hazardous, and conceivably costly endeavor. One may concur with Plumb when he states, â€Å" the family has consistently been shaped by the changing needs of society†. (The Dying Family 9). Today, one may pick a pretty young lady with one dairy animals and receive the underlying reward, at that point pick another young lady with the comparative appearance and more property. As a general public we are progressively well-suited to redesign. Family training is as yet fundamental to progress, yet keeping up a standard reliable unit isn't generally basic. Separation is viewed as socially worthy today. We will compose a custom exposition test on Is an Ugly Girl with Five Cows Really Worth More Than a Pretty Girl with One? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Is an Ugly Girl with Five Cows Really Worth More Than a Pretty Girl with One? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Is an Ugly Girl with Five Cows Really Worth More Than a Pretty Girl with One? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer A few people don't think about marriage as an alternative; rather they decide to live respectively with no lawful responsibility. In the past there was never such an unbelievable marvel as a prenuptial understanding. In our general public these adjustments are as a rule promptly acknowledged. One would state we are in the â€Å"now generation†, as sung by â€Å"The Black Eyed Peas† â€Å"And I simply cant hold up I need it promptly and I simply cant hold up I need it immediately†. The verses in this melody speak to how it is in today’s quick moving society. It appears as if individuals would prefer not to invest energy into connections, and they surrender a lot to without any problem. There are no genuine results other then loss of property. Originating from an entirely steady family with guardians that have been cheerfully hitched for twenty-four years, ones kid would plan to have something very similar. In any case, one must be practical and gauge the entirety of the choices. Family in some structure or another is continually going to be a piece of the human presence. The definition, on the opposite changes. The article â€Å"The Dying Family† could just be adjusted to be â€Å"The Ever Changing Family†.

The Economic Reality of Hybrid Vehicles Essay Example for Free

The Economic Reality of Hybrid Vehicles Essay The significant expense of gas at the siphon has numerous Americans searching for interchanges to their gas controlled vehicles. One of the most well known choice right currently is a mixture vehicle. The inquiry that strikes a chord is, are half and half vehicles justified, despite all the trouble? With record high gas costs because of the cost of oil, most vehicle proprietors out there have significant worries over their gas use. In the course of recent years, the expense of gas has become 250%! The cost of oil has multiplied since January of this current year. The significant expenses of oil and gas is the driving element for a large portion of the individuals to exchange their gas controlled vehicles for cross breed vehicles. These vehicles guarantee to give customers more mileage per gallon, truly just a couple of vehicles right now in the market really bode well. There are many issues with purchasing half and half vehicles, even with gas costs at more than $4 a gallon. Initially, these vehicles are a lot higher in cost than their gas fueled partner in this way, the premiums appended to their sticker prices don't legitimize additional mileage that you get. At times vehicle vendors are selling famous vehicles at a lot more significant expenses than MSRP. Second, there are no laws and guidelines controlling the innovation, cost, and the mileage per gallon required out of these vehicles. At present, there are half and half vehicles in the market that offer an improvement of 3MPG to 18 MPG over their gas controlled partner. This is a tremendous range that should be controlled. Third, the interest of these vehicles is driving the costs of the vehicles significantly higher, if individuals realized that it would take numerous years for fuel investment funds to take care of the half breed premium on numerous models, the interest on these models would be a lot of lower, driving the costs down. The arrangements that I might want to propose is the administration to work with automobile makers to build up a standard for half breed vehicles. This standard should control the base mileage offered per gallon, and control the premium permitted to be charged by the producers. There are vehicles in the market that offer just a minor advantage over the gas controlled vehicles but then the makers charge a large number of dollars premium. Foundation: Today individuals all around the globe are confronting abnormally high oil value climbs. Oil has become so over the top expensive that individuals are attempting a wide range of extraordinary measures to bring down the cost. The climb in cost has influenced each country; the whole world is attempting to discover an exit from the taking off costs. On account of the oil costs, travel costs have expanded, not simply flying being costly, driving your own vehicle is over the top expensive. The graph beneath shows a pattern in oil costs since 1990 with a portion of the significant occasions prompting this expansion. Note that since January of 2007 the oil costs have increment by 162%. With high gas costs, half and half vehicles are a more reasonable choice than any other time in recent memory as far as gas mileage, yet just a bunch of crossover vehicles bode well, and just for certain customers, as indicated by another investigation by NADAguides. com, a vehicle estimating and data site. Utilizing current gas costs for ten significant metropolitan zones, the organization contemplated the quantity of miles expected to recover the additional expense of purchasing a half breed vehicle over its gas just partner. The investigation appeared, for instance, that a driver in Los Angeles, the city with the most noteworthy gas costs in the examination, will equal the initial investment around 18 percent quicker than a driver in Houston, the city with the least gas costs, expecting both are traveling similar miles. The investigation found that, even at todays high gas costs, just a bunch of half and half vehicles bode well for a shopper who purchases another vehicle like clockwork or less and drives a normal number of miles every year. Indeed, even at Los Angeles-region gas costs, there are just five half and half vehicles that would permit buyers to recover their extra venture before they sold the vehicle, expecting they drive a normal of 15,000 miles for every year. Arranged by most brief time to equal the initial investment, they are: 1. Toyota Camry Hybrid 2. Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid 3. Nissan Altima Hybrid 4. Toyota Prius 5. Honda Civic Hybrid Following is a graph of the main five half and half vehicles with the best degree of profitability and the quantity of miles to equal the initial investment in 10 significant metropolitan zones at current gas costs. Issue: Even with gas costs at more than $4 per gallon, there are many issues with purchasing cross breed vehicles. Issue 1: High Prices Hybrid vehicle costs are higher than their gas controlled partner. The interest for these vehicles in the most recent year has expanded a great deal, expanding the costs much further. In certain zones individuals are really paying premium over MSRP and trusting that over two years will get a few vehicles. The value premium appended to the half breed vehicles are simply too incredible to be in any way viewed as a cost reserve funds comparative with buying their fuel partner. On the off chance that individuals realized to what extent it would take them to take care of the expanded premium the interest for the crossover would be lower than what it is currently, diminishing the costs. Issue 2: High Prices The second issue with the half and half vehicles is that there are no laws and guidelines controlling the innovation, cost, and the mileage per gallon required out of these vehicles. As of now, there are cross breed vehicles in the market that offer an improvement of only a couple of miles for each gallon over their gas controlled partner, yet the producers are charging thousands more for the premium for a purported half and half innovation. The table shows the measure of time it would take a purchaser to counterbalance the half breed premium by fuel investment funds. The table additionally shows the miles per gallon and yearly gas investment funds. These numbers obviously demonstrate the need to have a few guidelines to control the miles per gallon offered and the measure of premium that is charged by the producers. Let’s take a gander at certain vehicles: Starting with the most noticeably awful of the pack, the Lexus LS600H. The excellent charges on this vehicle is about $19,000, yet it just proposals around 20 to 22 miles for every gallon. It would enjoy very nearly a century to reprieve even. The following most noticeably terrible is by all accounts the Saturn Aura which just offers a yearly gas reserve funds of $171. The best one appears to Toyota Prius, however this vehicle is so mainstream nowadays that in certain zones there is a hold up rundown of two years. In zones where it’s accessible, the sellers are charging more than $5,000 over MSRP. Arrangement: ?Better instruction to clients about the proprietorship expenses of a half and half vehicle ? Government should offer impetuses like tax cut to purchase cross breed vehicles ? Have a standard to create cross breed vehicle to support large scale manufacturing, bringing the vehicle costs to even not exactly current gas-controlled vehicles ? Power automobile creators to sell half and half vehicles at close to, about 10%, premium to the clients Conclusion: Reference: Web Site: Bespoke Investing Group http://bespokeinvest. typepad. com/bespoke/.

Review Generation Gap, Differences In Interpersonal Skills - 275 Words

Review Generation Gap, Differences In Interpersonal Skills (Book Review Sample) Content: GENERATION GAPINSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATIONDATE1. What is the author main point?First, they have identified the different generation gap groups, namely the veterans, the Generation z, Millennial, Generation x, and the Baby boomers. Has identified the characteristics of each I. e. their values, ideas, communication technique .How they get things done differently. They have made a comparison of the groups, explained how the difference can affect their relationships and has also made some recommendation on how the different generation gap groups can work together despite the differences to achieve a common goal. The generational differences affect most of the things in the workplace, e.g., recruitment, team building, adaptability, and productivity. By learning to communication among the groups will help bridge the existing gap.2. Who is the author intended audience?Everyone. They have focused more in the workplaces but the same is applicable everywhere. Those in charge will have better way of understanding each other and the employees can know to relate with each other. Everyone falls under one of the different generation gap groups. By better understanding the characteristics of each of the groups, it will better help understand each one better, solve problems and be more productive.3. Identify and address the differences in the interpersonal skills from the generation differences and how they might be overcome.Traditional generation/ the veterans/silent generation were born between 1922-1945. They believe in the hierarchy system in the workplace. They believe in strictly following the rules and possess a strong sense of distinction between what is wrong and what is right. They are loyal.Baby boomers were born between 1956- 1964. They are loyal and dedicated to their work. Instead of following the rules they are more likely to form theirs .they is a small separation between their work and personal life. They are too financially driven, cut too many corners, fear change, are not up to date with technology, curious and goal-orientedGeneration x were born between 1965 -1980.they are not loyal and do not recognize authority like in the previous generation groups. They are independent, self-reliant, survivors and they can market themselves successfully. They also dedicated to working, but they distinguish their work and private life. Tend to be more cautious or conservative. They want instant gratificationGeneration y/Millennial/Echo boomers were born between 1981- 1994. They don't define themselves through their jobs. They value their free time and find fulfillment by doing something worthwhile and significant in their community. Tend to rely on technology to get things done and want to be up to date with every piece of technology. They are goal oriented, tolerant, entrepreneurs and good at multi-tasking. They are optimistic to the point of idealism and feel entitled to everything .They have a strong need for encouragement and rec ognition .This highlights the importance of cultivating personal investment in the millennial employees. Their wants and need are mainly due to the societal and parental pressure. Employee retention of this generation is very low. They have no sense of urgency, lack common sense and are quick learnersThe presence of the different generation groups has caused a communication barrier as each of the members of the various groups has their values and goals. According to research done, it shows that the reason a person chooses a specific career choice differ throughout the generational groups. The younger generation likes to rely on technology but the older generation doesnt. Older generations prefer a job with good pay while the young prefer a job they enjoy doing. Bringing them together can be very good. It's not something that can happen overnight, but with time it has proved very successful. That authority should come up with appropriate leadership and management styles .One needs to understand generational characteristics and learn how to use them effectively in dealing with each. All generations need to feel comfortable and as if their needs are being met, and they are being respected as an individual. They may not entirely fix the problem, but they will be able to understand each other.ReferencesAstin H.S., The Meaning of Work in Women's Lives A Socio-psychological Model of Career Choice and Work Behavior[Electronic version], The Counseling Psychologist, 12(117), (1984)Barretta J., The Workforce Generation Gap, Information Week, 1183, 44 (2008)Borg R., Factors Determining Career Choice, The Journal of the Faculty of Education, University of Malta, 5(2), 30-36 (1994)Dhawan E., Gen-Y Workf...

Essay on The American Dream in The Jungle by Upton...

Muckraking, â€Å"to search for and expose real or alleged corruption, scandal, or the like, especially in politics† (dictionary.com). Upton Sinclair gained fame in the early 1900’s from his muckraking novel, The Jungle, describing the life of a young Lithuanian immigrant, Jurgis, living in Chicago in pursuit of the American dream. Jurgis found out that America isn’t as good as it appeared; with higher wages came more expensive goods, and with cheaper houses came higher interest rates. The Jungle, a fictional novel, tells of the real horrors of working in a Chicago meat packing factory. Sinclair had gone undercover, in a meat factory, for seven weeks to gain the information necessary to write the book. Throughout the novel, there are hints of†¦show more content†¦Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, Henry Ford, Cornelius Vanderbilt, and JP Morgan along with the formation of unions. The Jungle, from 1906, has been deemed as â€Å"a classic denunciation of indus trial capitalism and one of the most revolutionary novels of the age† (wordsocialism.org). In the â€Å"Progressive Era†, Sinclair’s ideas were at the center of the social movement, due to the brutality of the time period, The Jungle was not easily published. â€Å"The aesthetics of a novel include the way an author uses elements of style, such as imagery, irony, and paradox, to enhance characters, plot, and theme. From this perspective, The Jungle is not considered quality literature.† (cliffsnotes.com) Others thought that Sinclair only wrote the novel as propaganda for his political career, or as a simple muckraking novel. He was not thought to write nonfiction, so his words could not always be trusted. For these reasons, Sinclair was not considered a serious author. Sinclair was an expressive socialist, and showed his beliefs in his novels. In The Jungle, Sinclair frequently referenced socialism and how it would fix all the problems created through capitalism. â€Å"Capitalism is not the problem.Show MoreRelatedMy Favorite Book is The Jungle by Upton Sinclai610 Words   |  2 Pagesimpressed me as The Jungle by Upton Sinclair. To me this book is one of the finest books in the world. In fact this novel is so remarkable that it made history and changed the course of events. The Jungle’s excellent qualities have made it my favorite book. Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle was first published in the United States in 1906. This book became an immediate success as it portrayed the corruption within American business and government. Sinclair based the novel on the American meatpacking industryRead MoreThe Jungle by Upton Sinclair: Fame for the Wrong Reason Essay2798 Words   |  12 Pages1900’s America begin to transform rapidly. Many immigrants started moving to the United States in the early 1900’s with the hopes of living the â€Å"American Dream.† However, that glittering and gleaming American lifestyle is merely a distant ideal for the immigrants living in Packingtown, the meatpacking district of Chicago. Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle portrays life through the eyes of a poor workingman struggling to survive in this cruel, tumultuous environment, where the desire for profit amongRead MoreBrief Survey of American Literature3339 Words   |  14 PagesBrief Survey of American Literature 1. Beginnings to 1700 Great mixing of peoples from the whole Atlantic basin Bloody conflicts between Native Americans (or American Indians) and European explorers and settlers who had both religious and territorial aspirations - Native American oral literature / oral tradition - European explorers’ letters, diaries, reports, etc., such as Christopher Columbus’s letters about his voyage to the â€Å"New world†. - Anglo (New England) settlers’ books, sermonsRead MoreAmerican History Eoc Study Guide5327 Words   |  22 PagesAmerican History EOC Study Guide 1) Reconstruction: A plan to reconstruct the society after the Civil War. This divided the south (except Tennessee) into 5 military districts under the control of the U.S. Army. It was the attempt to reconstruct the south, readmit the southern states back into the Union, and change the life of African Americans. (pg. 414) 2) Freedman’s Bureau: Congress created this in March of 1865 in order to provide help for thousands of poor black and white southernersRead MoreFeminine Mystique12173 Words   |  49 Pageshappened? When did women decide to give up the world and go back home? Friedan asked herself. Questions like those have engaged historians since the 1970s, but they were not ones housewives of the 1950s were encouraged to ask. For a red-blooded American to doubt something as sacred as the role of housewife and mother was to show symptoms of mental disorder rather than a skeptical or inquiring mind. Whatever the label attached to such feelings — neurosis, anxiety, or depression — most people assumed

Counterculture - Research Paper - 3195 Words

Counterculture of the Sixties in the USA Causes and Effects by Johanna K. Weisz Preface If the Sixties was the decade of rebellion in America, the preceding two post-WWII decades were characterized by social conformity and trust in the system. â€Å"In that era of general good will and expanding affluence, few Americans doubted the essential goodness of their society† (Haberstam 10). However, this trust in the system changed radically in the Sixties. Many of the numerous youth born during the post-WWII baby boom became teenagers who questioned the cultural values of their parents and refused to assimilate into the established social and moral system. They created their own counterculture that was in opposition to the established†¦show more content†¦Technical appliances were more and more common in almost all households. â€Å"By 1960 there were 440 commercial VHF stations, 75 UHF stations, and 85 % of U.S. households had a television set† (Golden Age, 1930’s through 1950’s). The young generation had grown up with commercials and had money to buy material goods, many of them disposable, as expressed in a Bethlehem Steel advertisement from 1963: Why do major airlines serve soft drinks in cans? For the very same reason you’ll switch someday soon†¦convenience. Cans take less space†¦easier to store. Cans weight less†¦easier to carry. They chill faster. Rugged, too. And no deposits, no returns! Convinced? Pick up a dozen of your favourite soft drinks†¦in convenient cans. (Heimann n.p.). Criticism of consumer society and environmental concerns contributed to the rise of the counterculture. The New York poet Diane di Prima describes her fears of â€Å"widespread ecological destruction† (Charters 559) in her poem â€Å"Revolutionary Letter #16†, written in the late 1960s. The following extract illustrates that the young generation’s environmental concerns were part of the counterculture in the Sixties: [†¦] every large factory is an infringement of our god-given right to light and air to clean and flowing rivers stocked with fish to the very possibility of life [†¦] (Charters 559) Young people were longing and searching for an alternative life-style that wasShow MoreRelatedCounterculture - Research Paper3180 Words   |  13 PagesCounterculture of the Sixties in the USA Causes and Effects by Johanna K. Weisz Preface If the Sixties was the decade of rebellion in America, the preceding two post-WWII decades were characterized by social conformity and trust in the system. â€Å"In that era of general good will and expanding affluence, few Americans doubted the essential goodness of their society† (Haberstam 10). However, this trust in the system changed radically in the Sixties. Many of the numerous youth born during the post-WWIIRead MoreThe Existence of Different Types of Cultures1092 Words   |  5 Pagesincludes knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society (Tylor, 1958, p. 1). Culture is learned through enculturation and commonly shared by the members of the society. In this paper, three types of culture are briefly discussed which include dominant culture, subculture and counter-culture. 　　 　　The first type of culture is dominant culture. Quite often, the dominant culture is reflected as orthodox and universal in society. TheRead More The History Of Lsd And Its Effects On The American Counterculture1458 Words   |  6 Pageson to set up his own research clinic in New York, where he continued his experimentation of LSD. Throughout the 1960s, Dr. Leary was one of the most well know activists for LSD use in America. He traveled around the US, going to concerts and speaking about the spiritual benefits of LSD. Through is philosophical speeches and active participation in LSD experimentation; Dr. Timothy Leary helped lead the American counterculture movement of the mid sixties. The counterculture movement was born atRead MoreThe Purpose Of This Essay Is To Provide An Argument For1952 Words   |  8 Pages2013), but it did not just lay the groundwork for future laws when it came to cannabis it stared an entire counterculture. â€Å"The Counterculture and Drug Scene In the late ‘60s, amid the growing counterculture and drug proliferation, marijuana use becomes a mainstay of the hippie lifestyle. A fierce debate emerges over whether to legalize the drug.† (MOORE, 2013), and this counterculture would lead to some very possive laws concerning cannabis in the latter future, but also would lead to some veryRead More Ginsbergs Howl: a Counterculture Manifesto Essay4130 Words   |  17 PagesGinsbergs Howl: a Counterculture Manifesto Allen Ginsberg dives into the wreck of himself and of the world around him to salvage himself and something worth saving of the world. In this process, he composes Howl to create a new way of observation for life through the expression of counterculture. Protesting against technocracy, sex and revealing sexuality, psychedelic drugs, visionary experience, breaking the conventions of arts and literature; all basic characteristics of counterculture are combinedRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Ishmael1391 Words   |  6 Pagessave the world. 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The gorilla speaks telepathically after a few moments of fearful sil ence and caution telling the narratorsRead MoreDominick10 Tb Ch08 1 1005 Words   |  5 Pagesrecord  companies  desires  to  increase  profits.   Ans:  T            6.  Although  some  American  recording  artists  were  prominent  during  the  1960s,  the  music   scene  became  dominated  by  the  British  Invasion.   Ans:  T            7.  Heavy  metal  music  emerged  as  rock  became  part  of  the  counterculture.   Ans:  T            8.  Downloading  ring  tones  is  big  business  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Billboard  magazine  even  has  a  chart  listing   the  most  popular  ring  tone  downloads.   Ans:  T            9.  The  music  industry  can  be  divided  into  three  main  segments:  Ã‚  production,  distributionRead MoreNuclear Weapons Of Mass Destruction1057 Words   |  5 PagesKarla Ximena Leyte Though Paper #3 Weapons of mass destruction and their ability to challenge security and create large-scale obliteration have become the most significant threat in international politics, causing vast concern of the consequences that may arise if they were to emerge in the hands of dangerous non-state actors. Chemical, nuclear, and biological weapons not only possess the ability to end the life of many but also pose negative effects on the environment and global economy. WhileRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1436 Words   |  6 Pagesand more progressive with marijuana. Quite recently, a few states have went forward and legalized marijuana for recreational use, and even Canada has taken its first step towards marijuana legalization. According to a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, a nonpartisan organization that provides information about the issues, attitudes, and trends changing America, as of 2015, the support for marijuana is finally outpacing the opposition. In 2012, the Nation al Survey on Drug Use and HealthRead MoreHow the Hippies Counterculture Transformed Music Essay2277 Words   |  10 Pagescharge when young adults voiced displeasure over the country’s entrance into the Vietnam War and the use of nuclear weapons. One group within this movement was coined the â€Å"hippies†. This paper will discuss the beliefs of the hippies of Haight-Ashbury in San Francisco, California and illustrate how the hippie â€Å"counterculture† transformed into an evolution of music, in the making of protest songs and the new â€Å"psychedelic† sound. It will elaborate on the musicians who found fame in responding to the call

Minimal Art Essay Example For Students

Minimal Art Essay In the 1950s and late 1960s, Minimal Art shattered traditional notions of art making by redefining the form, material, and production of the object and its relationship to physical and temporal space and the spectator. Because of this, Minimalism was able to draw attention to the space in which the work is shown; this emphasized the direct engagement with the space and environment as a work in itself. Since then, Minimal Art has helped initiate a turn towards installation practices, a practice that has taken fifty years to emerge. Minimal Art is where artists made no attempt to represent an outside reality. The artists wanted the spectator to respond to what was only in front of them. The reality would be the form of the work and the medium or material that is used to create the work. Minimal Art surfaced as a backlash against action painting, espoused by Abstract Expressionism that focused on emotional intensity and personal readings as Minimalism purely relied on single or repeated geometric form, serial patterns, strong concentration of industrial materials, and along with external factors of the spectator and environment. Minimal Art also challenged and questioned the theory against 20th century American art critic Clement Greenberg, who also supported Abstract Expressionism that modest art is an internally focused investigation of the essential features of each separate medium. He understood that modern art was medium specific and believed that because the history of modernism involved artists exploring the precise nature of their medium, art media should not be mixed. Both of these disruptions cited turns for the practice of Installation Art by allowing the breakdown of medium specificity and all it meant, as well as the idea that external factors of the spectator and environment play a role in how we experience artworks. Installation Art can be defined as the placement of objects in a certain context in order to convey a certain feeling, idea or experience. Through their placement, a relationship is created between the objects and the spectator. This relationship transforms the objects from their everyday uses into being a part of a specially created experience. Installation art was primarily an attempt to give a new meaning to the old materials they literally broke the frames of paintings and liberated them from the age-old traditions of conventional making and viewing of art. They vandalized canvases, they brought found objects to galleries, they transported down sculptures from the pedestals so that the museum quality and thereby the authoritarian quality of the art was violated. A number of these notions were employed previously into the sculptures by American Minimalist, Carl Andrà Ã‚ ©, although his intention was different. First and foremost, he opposed expressionist painting and concepts by questioning their notions through his work and consciously made sure his works did not reflect his personal touches or manual skills. He saw the importance bestowed on the hand of the artist in the creation of an artwork as a distraction from the art object itself. Therefore, instead he created objects that were as impersonal and neutral as possible, with the aim that the spectator should have a more pure reaction to the art object itself, looking at the physicality and not the psychology. He achieved this by strictly using industrial materials. He adopts painterly format, and uses commercially available materials or objects that are emotionally cool, blank and prosaic, almost always in identical units or bar forms, such as timber, Styrofoam, cement blocks, bales of hay, etc., with only one type of material per work. An example of this would be his exhibition at the Tibor de Nagy Gallery in 1966. The artist arranged eight rectangular sculptures on the gallery floor, each made of 120 identical fire bricks. Equivalent VII (1966) usually referred to as The Bricks one of eight works, was made two bricks high, six across and ten lengthwise. .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a , .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .postImageUrl , .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a , .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:hover , .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:visited , .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:active { border:0!important; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:active , .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u64188f51bb1eddcc6804098b0baabc0a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Confucius And Confucianism EssayIn Aluminum-Zinc Dipole E/W (1989), two rectangular plates are placed next to each other to form a square. The seam that joins those runs either longitudinally or laterally, depending on the spectators view. The differing weights of the zinc and aluminum plates and the different resistance of their surfaces to scratching creates tension between the two plates and because of this, it adds a painterly composition to the silvery, blue surface. The literal flatness of Aluminum-Zinc Dipole ridicules Clement Greenbergs commandments on abstract paintings adherence to flatness. Because the sculpture is flat, and the volume has been abolished, the work appears as pure material and mass. Minimalist, and advocate writer for Minimalism is Donald Judd. Judd became well known for sleek, boxlike constructions made of industrial materials such as plywood, sheet metal, and Plexiglas that were painted using commercial techniques. Stacked, aligned, cantilevered, or centered, their strict geometric arrangementsoften derived from mathematical progressionseliminate the idea of composition and achieve a singular focus on the object itself. They combine elements of architecture, sculpture, and painting. Donald Judds specific object, Untitled (1965) featured seven rectangular objects made of shiny galvanized sheet metal, each of the exact same dimensions, fastened to the wall in a vertical line. This also challenged Abstract Expressionism, the artwork doesnt show any traces of the artists hand, but seems to be mechanically produced. Thus, the work does not appear to be an expression of the artists subjective intention, mind or emotions. With Installation Art, spectators dont view the artwork from afar. Majority of the time, they are quite literally inside it, part and parcel of its environment and content by either; touching, climbing over, walking through, exploring, engaging, rearranging and interfacing with it. Because of Minimalism, Installation Art has become blas before the conventional modalities of representational art that feature mere paintings hanging on a wall in a room. Minimalists were pitched against the socio-political realities of the 1960s and 1970s. They wanted to break the white cube limitations of a gallery by experimenting with the space. They conceived works of art as something that redefined the meaning of the surroundings where they stood. Minimalist art directly engages with the space it occupies. The artwork is carefully arranged to emphasize and reveal the architecture of the gallery, often being presented on walls, in corners, or directly onto the floor, encouraging the viewer to be conscious of the space. Andre once said that what was beautiful in art was not that someone is original but that he can find a way of creating in the world the instance of his temperament. Emplacement, environment, and relativeness are important in all of his works. A place is an area within an environment which has been altered in such a way as to make the general environment more conspicuous, he said. Everything is an environment, but a place is related particularly to both the general qualities of the environment and the particular qualities of the work which has been done. The bricks in Equivalent VIII are humble materials, basic to building, construction, and manufacture; by treating these as sculpture, we begin to view the works physical reality as an esthetic phenomenon. And since placement generates and energizes the piece, Equivalent VIII and its surrounding environment become one work of art. Another Minimalist that drew attention to the surrounding space of his artwork is Robert Morris. He believed that the surrounding space became the artwork itself. Mirrored Cubes (1965), made from Plexiglas mirrors and wood, as American art critic Rosalind Krauss describes the viewer is trapped in the cross fire of the mutual reflections set up by the surfaces of the four facing blocks . . . It is, perhaps, in this work more than any other that seriality is defined as the opposite of progress.

Television vs the Printing press Essay Example For Students

Television vs the Printing press Essay The television and the printing press are two very essential and widely used media products. In order to determine which one could be named the superior of the two I have researched and studied both topics extensively .In this essay I will explain why I have come to the conclusion that the printing press is more influential, vital, and educational to society than the television. How can a five hundred-year-old printer be influential? I can answer this question in one word, literacy. What do literacy and influence have in common? The printed material produced by Johannes Gutenberg sparked a curiosity that actually motivated people to be educated. The availability of printed material was very low. Reproduction of words and (The first important book made in the west with moveable type, the forty-two lined bible, the most influential book in the world)images had been so expensive and time consuming to create that only a minute percent of the population could even get their hands on it, let alone understand it. We will write a custom essay on Television vs the Printing press specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now By bringing together the basic concepts of printing, Gutenberg started a world revolution. With moveable type that could be reused and a press for impressions that could be used a plethora of times, the printing press made it possible for publications and reading material to be more abundant and quickly produced. So, the effects of Gutenbergs cause are the spread of ideas and news and information, which shaped the worlds thinking. The influential outcome of the printing press is the words and images it produces. They influence our thoughts, actions and our lives. The reason I believe the printing press is vital to our society is the simple fact that we use it so much. Our currency is produced by the printing press. Our mailing system as far as stamps are concerned is another product of the printing press. Advertisements, wrappers for food, entertainment such as comic books and playing cards, and calendars are all items that Americans and people all over the world use everyday. The television can do two things, project an image and create a sound with that image. It is not mobile like the products of a printing press nor is it as affordable and easily possesed. In Americas quickly moving society, products of the printing press are easier to transport, understand and exchange than any other means of communication. If television was really the complete package, and could inform everyone all the time about everything anywhere, then why are newspaper companies and magazines and books still selling so much? Because printed material is vital to society, we need it to survive, to grow, and to learn, and printed material part of it all.(Tolbert Lanstons invention cast type in individual letters as opposed to entire lines)Education is fundamental to growth and survival in todays society. From learning about a concert on Friday night from a flyer handed out at the beach to biology books teaching doctors how to treat our illnesses, printed material teaches people an abundance of knowledge. Regardless of importance, it informs. Printed material made by the printing press contributes to the enrichment of individuals thinking. The libraries that are in most all communities hold more knowledge than one human being could absorb in a life time. Television does not always have a program that is informing on a subject of which you would like more knowledge on, therefore books and magazines are a better source of information and entertainment. Overall, I believe that television is a lazy mans newspaper and is more accepted by society than products of the printing press. Never the less, billboards, money, stamps and church pamphlets are items that could not be abandoned from our lives. Printing press products are more affordable, easily distributed and copied for the convenience of all people, not just those who can afford television sets and cable, and homes to put them in, but everyone. The bible and school textbooks are used and read everyday millions of times by millions of people, you cant do that with a television. John F. .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e , .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .postImageUrl , .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e , .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:hover , .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:visited , .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:active { border:0!important; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:active , .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubb7cdd77e0fc43e06dbf87975360050e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Loving From Vietnam To Zimbabwe Essay Kennedy called television a vast wasteland. I cant help but think that he would he would grin and agree with my

the peaceable kingdom essays

the peaceable kingdom essays Edward Hicks is one of the best-known and most beloved American folk painters. Hicks gave his whole life to the arts and the religious beliefs behind them. Hicks commenced his spiritual life at an early age as a Quaker later becoming a minister. The Artist went on with his work year after year as he began to create a miracle in itself. The desperate foolishness of critics and others like them justify the existence of the artist, his way, his struggle, his achievements and finally his death, because in them come to the complete expression of his consciousness. Hicks began to make oil paintings of The Peaceable Kingdom based upon the description of Isaiah found in the Holy Bible. He produced over sixty versions of The Peaceable Kingdom between 1820 and 1849. . One of the themes which was evident in the painting The Peaceable Kingdom is the unity portrayed by the animals and the humans. There is an immense presence of harmony expressed by the animals in this artwork. The artist wants the observer to see what he believes is the Garden of Eden resurrected. The wolf shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid...and a little child shall lead them(Hughes). This part of the work was influenced by Isaiahs biblical prophecy (11:6-9) of grave conformity of the most tender and vicious creatures of the world. As you look further into the painting you become attracted to the wild cats as they stare at you with their stimulating gazes. The lion and the tiger give the impression that they are very intense, which seems ironic to what the painting was about, which was peace (Albertson). Edward Hicks put forth vast artistic form and colorization to the animals to help bring about the ideal of unity. The conformity asserted by the humans as seen in the portrait acknowledges the society of friendship amongst William Penn and the ...

Love.. Technological Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love.. Technological Processes - Essay Example If we continue that way, we will end up in a disastrous situation. For example, the internet is an exceptionally reliable source of communication that has enabled many people to communicate effectively regardless of the distance between them. People can purchase and sell goods and services online, but they can also fall victims of internet theft, scamming and other virtual evils. Moreover, though social networks people can date people they have not met, and on the other hand many people have been subjected to rape, conning among other forms of predation as a result. Although, internet has made easy communication, interaction and overall globalization, it has its flip side. Will Durant was a greater writer and story teller who won many prizes for his articulation of civilization by education. He posited in his famous quote that, education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. This quotation is in the same thought line with Einstein’s quote position that technological progress is like an axe in the hands of a pathological criminal. Education is a continuous process that occurs throughout an individual’s life just as imagination occurs throughout a person’s life. Knowledge and imagination lead to a progressive discovery of things, including technology. Each day, we learn new things that we did not know previously. Sometimes we assume some things but when we chance to experience them, we realize that we did not know them. The ignorance in us can lead us to harmful situations that will affect our well being, health and our general performance in life. On the other hand, knowledge has also contributed to the destruction for e xample the making of sophisticated weapons, which can harm humanity or perpetuation of some crimes like computer hacking and scamming. Einstein and Durant’s quotes are related, in that, both advocate for the seeking of education and knowledge. Both view education and knowledge as necessary requirements that are vital for

Tom's of Maine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tom's of Maine - Research Paper Example Tom’s distribution strategy is selling its products thru health food stores and mass market outlets. Company’s products include toothpastes, mouthwash, deodorant, dental floss, shampoo, soap, shaving cream, and a line of herbal health aids and extracts. (Reference for Business). From a humble beginning of borrowed capital of $5,000, company has grown to be a top notched company earning millions of dollars annually. In 2006, the 84% controlling stake of the company was sold to Colgate-Palmolive on conditions that it will retain the culture of Tom’s Brand. Purpose of the sale is to concentrate in the manufacture of a new business from bees. In a general scope, customers look for support services ranging from correct use of product and making the product cost effective. Specifically, based on research and literatures reviewed, people want products that do well for themselves and products that do not harm the planet (Dougherty and Murthy 2009). Same authors said people need information; Buyers are interested on contents and labeling; Buyers are interested on quality of the product rather than speed of delivery and want loyalty programs. Interestingly, these results of survey could be related to what support services buyers from Toms, Inc want. In particular, buyers of Toms, Inc products want: safe and effective products. For instance, people were alarmed on the product safety scandal of Tom’s toothpaste disclosed by Guciardi, 2011, in a post in the Natural Health Society. Subsequent comments from users of this product proved loyalty to the brand, did not believe the allegations, and even researched to find out the truth. Discarding wastes is a growing problem in any community. To help in environment protection, company launched Tom’s of Maine Recycle Program wherein empty plastic bottles of shampoo of any brand, and other plastic products including

Fossils and the Geologic Column Essay Example for Free

Fossils and the Geologic Column Essay Starting from the 18th Century, scientist had been able to provide methods of knowing the world’s prehistory. One of this is the use of fossils to determine the relative age of strata. Fossils are the remains of living organisms that had lived long time ago while strata are the geological divisions each made out of contiguous layers that exhibits consistent characteristics. Comparing the sets of fossils that exist within different localities gives a hint for geologist whether the layers concerned are of the same strata or not. The relative age of the localities could be based on the fossil’s relative age that is then determined through carbon dating. As scientist had established that fossils of a certain organism had lived within a certain span of time, it is then compared to other organism which would be also found out to have lived within that same time span. Their similarities would be drawn out that made possible the broader division of the Earth’s history into Eras namely the Cenozoic Era or the Age of Recent life, Mesozoic Era or the Age of the Medieval Life, and the Palaeozoic Era or the Age of the Ancient Life. Each of them would be further divided into Periods, which is then based on the disturbances that had been theorized to shape the earth’s crust. The time span that is believed that no fossils can be found out is called the Precambrian Period. In analyzing figure 3. 6, we could tell that the three localities though bordered many kilometers apart, have fossil assemblages because almost all of them have Dictyoclostus americanus from the Pennsylvanian Period, Prolecanites gurleyi from Mississippian Period, Palmatolepus unicornis from Devonian Period and Bathyurus extans from Ordovian Period. This states that the three localities had been for some time span or period had been part of the earth’s outer crust. Though locality 3 had Stratum D and Prolecanites gurleyi missing, this that not means that locality 3 does not exist as part of the earth’s crust because either stratum D was never deposited there or it may had been there but then removed through erosion. The boundary between C and E then would be a disconformity. References Index Fossils. Retrieved June 6, 2008 from http://pubs. usgs. gov/gip/geotime/fossils. html

Innocent Religion Essay -- Religion, Moses, God

Science and technology have been regarded by many people as the Moses who leads human out of the world of ignorance to the land of knowledge and wealth. Religion, in the other respect, has unfortunately been misinterpreted as the evil Pharaoh who wants to keep human under his slavery. Some people thought the "Scientific Revolution" in the 17th century as the "Exodus" of science from the tyranny of religion. For instance, they believe that if Newton did not waste his time on the search for God, he probably would have made much more contribution to science. Dong Jin, one of the writer for Digest of Science and Technology thought Newton was "controlled by a wrong philosophy and fall into the abyss of idealism and theism"[[1] Dong Jin, Digest of Science and Technology, September 2000 ][1] and considered Newton's attempts to find evidence for 'existence of God' is "so absurd and tragic."[][1] Surprisingly, quite a number of people share Dong Jin’s unfair view of religion. In their views, Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon are also victims of religious belief. However, few of these accusations are true. In the time of "Scientific Revolution", religious belief rarely acted as it's preventer. Sometimes, religion even played a positive role in the construction of new science and philosophy. Newton is a remarkable figure in the period of scientific revolution. His discovery of general binomial expansion in 1664 and publication of the concept of Calculus in "Principia" in 1687 introduced handy mathematical tools to modern science. His light decomposition experiment with prism and ground work in Classical mechanics had greatly changed people's view of nature. His work generated a large crowd of followers known as Newtonians. His thoughts an... ...s kind of conflicts in 17th century happened very often. Natural phylosophers criticisms suppressed the work of experimental scientists. As far as I am concerned, the discrepancy between natural philosophers and experimental scientists was a heavier shackle then religion on science. Although religion had some controversy with science, like their disagreement on the issue of embryonic stem cell researches, it did not create a lot of obstacles in the time of the "Scientific Revolution". During the process of unveiling the secret of nature, science and religion will surely have some argument due to their different opinion in the interpretation of phenomena. Since the wide-spread religious belief didn't kill those great figures in the "Scientific Revolution". we should claim religion's innocence in that period and criticize it's role in a more rational and complete.

Hamlet- His Procrastination and Its Causes Essay

Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, is one of the most celebrated plays in the English language. Throughout the play, Hamlet struggles with the death of his father and the swift remarriage of his mother to his father†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s brother. In Act I, scene iv, his father†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s ghost appears, urging Hamlet for revenge over his untimely murder (committed by his own brother). Taken aback by shock, Hamlet agrees with to revenge, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ ¦with wings as swift / as meditation or the thoughts of love'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (I.iv.29-30). After this visitation however, many critics proclaim Hamlet procrastinates action for various reasons. Some relate his delay to his high intellect and over analysis of the situation; others declare his lack of courage caused his inaction. Two of the strangest interpretations include the following: that Shakespeare penned the delayed simply for the purpose of having a five-act play, and that Hamlet was truly ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœa woman is disguise!'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHamlet: His Own Falstaff'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 12). Regardless of the various reasons attributed to the hesitation, his delay is especially noticeable because it lies in stark contrast to Fortinbras†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬  and Laertes†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬  passionate desire for their respective fathers†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬  revenge. As Curtis Perry articulates, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ[Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s] hesitation stands out as all the more unusual'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ due to the others unmatched need for vengeance (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThematic and Structural Analysis'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 22). Many take a very literal interpretation of the play and maintain that many of that situations in which Hamlet delays were a necessary and essential step in the process of revenge. An example lies in Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s first confrontation with the Ghost. Upon seeing the Ghost†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s image, Hamlet remarks, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœBe thou a spirit of health or goblin damned, / Bring with thee airs from heaven or blasts from hell, / Be thy intents wicked or charitable, / Thou com†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ st in such a questionable shape / That I will speak to thee'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (I.iv.40-44). This quote demonstrates Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s fear that his father†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s ghost could be a devil from hell sent to pressure him to sin. He brooded over this fear until the traveling players (actors) enter the story. The performance of the play, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Murder of Gonzago'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ presented Hamlet the opportunity to see if the ghost was lyin g about his murder. He altered a speech in the play to read exactly as the ghost said he was murdered. He planned to watch his uncle†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s reactions and he believed, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœif his occulted guilt / Do no itself unkennel in one speech, / it is a damned ghost that we have seen'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (III.ii.85-87).  Many critics use this for evidence that Hamlet delays in the murder of his uncle until he has verification that the ghost is not a demon. However, after his uncle, King Claudius, flees from the room before the plays completion it is obvious that Claudius is the murderer. Hamlet, intent on murdering him, follows him to where he is praying. He once again refrains from the murder because it was a religious belief at the time if a man is killed while praying, his soul is saved and sent to heaven. Hamlet wishes to kill both Claudius†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬  body and soul. William Hazlitt is one of the critics who take an opposing point of view to Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s inaction. Hazlitt views Hamlet as follows: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHe seems incapable of deliberate action†¦ when he is most bound to act, he remains puzzled, undecided, and skeptical, dallies with his purposes, till the occasion is lost†¦ for this reason he refuses to kill the King when he is at prayers, and by a refinement in malice, which is in truth only an excuse for his own want of resolution, defers his revenge to a more fatal opportunity'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Power of Action'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 26). Hazlitt believes that Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s inaction is partly due to his cowardice. Hamlet himself indicates this in his soliloquy in act IV, scene iv, lines 41-46 that although he has all the reasons in the world to murder, he cannot seem to commit himself to the action. As T. McAlindon phrases it, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe great hole in the middle of the play is the unwritten soliloquy in which Hamlet weighs the rights and wrongs of private revenge and identifies the cause of his delay. Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s failure to do this testifies to the depth of his confusion'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Love in Hamlet'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 65). McAlindon reasons that his inability to act is a combination of his cowardice and his hesitation of what to do in the situation. Goethe says, quite harshly, that Hamlet lacks, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthe strength of nerve which forms a hero'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn William Meister and Hamlet'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 24). Critic August Wilhelm von Schlegel goes as far as to say that of the few times that Hamlet did act out, it wasn†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ t because he was brave. When he, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœsucceeded in getting rid of his enemies, [it was] more through necessity and accident†¦ than by the merit of his own courage, as he himself confesses after the murder of Polonius, and with respect to  Rosencrantz and Guildenstern'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Flaws'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 36). Harold Goddard takes a different viewpoint concerning the spur-of-the moment killings of Polonius, Rosencrantz, and Guildenstern. Goddard likens Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s choices to a tug of war: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœIf two forces pulling a body in opposite directions are unequal, the body will move in response to the preponderant force. If the two are nearly equal, but alternately gain slight ascendancy, it will remain unmoved except for corresponding vibrations'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHamlet: His Own Falstaff'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 20). Those â€Å"‘†corresponding vibrations†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬  he speaks of are the instances in which Hamlet finally takes action. Harry Levin carries a similar opinion, arguing that Hamlet, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœdeliberates between rival options: either to revenge or not to revenge, whether a visitant comes from heaven or hell'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœInterrogation, Doubt, Irony'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 51). Levin implies that H amlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s delay is due more to his mental deliberation and doubt than to cowardice. The mental deliberation, which Levin and Goddard speak of, is due to the high intellect that Hamlet possesses. Goddard, believing that Hamlet is a born intellect, considers in this extreme example that having him play the role of avenger, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœis almost as if Jesus had been asked to play the role of Napoleon†¦'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHamlet: His Own Falstaff'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 12). In one of the most famous analyzations of Hamlet, Friedrich Nietzsche compares Hamlet to a Dionysian man: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœKnowledge kills action; actions requires the veils of illusion: that is the doctrine of Hamlet, not that cheap wisdom of Jack the Dreamer who reflects too much and, as it were, from an excess of possibilities does not get around to action. Not reflection, no-true knowledge, an insight into the horrible truth, outweighs any motive of action, both in Hamlet and in the Dionysian man'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet as the Dionysian Man'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 40). Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s intellect has also been used negatively as a reason for his deterrence in action. Lawrence Danson believes that Hamlet does not feel satisfied to kill Claudius at any time; Hamlet must kill in a moment with poetic justice and beauty. Hamlet wishes to commit the murder in all  perfection, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœand because he cannot have his revenge perfect, according to the most refined idea his wish can form, he declines it altogether'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Power of Action'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 26). In the final murder, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœas the overdetermined image of Pyrrhus in the Player†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s speech suggests, avenger and victim must finally become one. Hamlet dies, and his death, the necessary end of this tragedy, enables his expressive gesture'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœTragic Alphabet'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 85). Another negative view on Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s intellect and delay is that he is a dreamer who cannot relate to the real world. C.S. Lewis borrows from one of Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s soliloquies as he describes the picture the reader perceives of Hamlet as, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœa dull and muddy-mettled rascal, a John-a-dreams, somehow unable to move while ultimate dishonor is done him'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Soliloquies'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 50). Samuel Taylor Coleridge reasons that the cause for Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s inability to move is that his balance between the world of the mind and the real world are disturbed. As a cause, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ[he] delays actions till action is of no use, and dies the victim of mere circumstance and accident'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Intellectualism'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 38-39). His inability to deal with the real world make the situation presented to him (revenge of his father†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s murder) almost too great for his mind. Oscar Wilde describes the situation as follows: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHe is a dreamer, and he is called upon to act. He has the nature of the poet and he is asked to grapple with the common complexities of cause and effect, with life in its practical realization, of which he knows nothing, not with life in its ideal essence, of which he knows much'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Rosencrantz and Guildenstern'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 41). Many critics follow Wilde†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s belief that Hamlet was unfit for the task of revenge. However, other experts attribute his inadequacy in the part of avenger not to a habit of dreaming but rather to his lack of a violent nature. To Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Hamlet, with a ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœsoul unfit'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ for the deed, is like, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœan oak-tree planted in a costly jar, which should have borne only pleasant flowers in its bosom; [but regrettably] the roots expand, [and] the jar is shivered'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn William Meister and Hamlet'†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚  24). Northrop Frye expresses that Hamlet must clear his mind over everything he is accustomed to – ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthought and feeling and observation and awareness'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ – and focus, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœsolely on hatred and revenge, a violent alteration of his natural mental habits'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ in order to commit the act of revenge (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Tragedy of Order'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 131). Best said according to this school of criticism, Hamlet is in itself the story of an ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœintelligent man and the uncongenial role- that of avenger- that fate calls upon him to play'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (Rosenblum 117). An important consideration in the examination of Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s procrastination is his own recognition of it. In act II, scene ii, lines 599-602, Hamlet proclaims: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhy, what an ass am I! This is most brave, / That I, the son of a dear father murdered, / Prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, / Must (like a whore) unpack my heart with words†¦'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Earlier in this same soliloquy, Hamlet asks, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhat would [Hecuba] do, / Had he the motive and the cue for passion / That I have?'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (II.ii.574-576). Curtis Perry, of Harvard University, stresses that the use of the words ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœprompted'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ and ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœcue'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ in the same speech imply that Hamlet feels as though he is only an actor preparing for a role; he feels he ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœlacks the passion to commit a rash murder'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThematic and Structural Analysis'†Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ 18). He is disgusted that the players (actors) could create more passion ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœall for nothing'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (II.ii.571) than he can for the revenge of his father. Hamlet has a similar self-confrontation in his fourth soliloquy in act IV, scene iv: in these scene, he encounters the captain of Fortinbras†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬  army marching to battle over a, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœlittle patch of ground / That hath in it no profit but the name'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (IV.iv.18-19). He is amazed over the willingness of these soldiers to die in the pursuit of honor in contrast to his own ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœdull revenge'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (IV.iv.33). He commits himself to pursue only bloody thoughts and to no longer delay in his father†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s revenge. Perhaps one of the most widely debated reasons that critics have attributed to Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s delay is Sigmund Freud†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s controversial Oedipus Complex. In this school of criticism and psychology, ever son has strong repressed sexual feelings towards his own mother. According to Freud: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHamlet is able to do anything- except take vengeance on the man who did away with his father and took that father†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s place with his mother, the man who shows him the repressed wishes of his own childhood realized. Thus the loathing which should drive him on to revenge is replaced in him by self-reproaches, by scruples of conscience, which remind him that he himself is literally no better than the sinner whom he is to punish'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet and His Father'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 44). Harold Bloom, stands in stark disagreement to Freud†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s beliefs. Bloom believes that, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Hamlet Complex is not incestuous but†¦[instead] theatrical'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (54). A school of thought not often considered is why the reader feels he must obey his father. Harold Goddard believes that in all of us there is, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœstored up within ourselves so many unrequited wrongs and injuries, forgotten and unforgotten†¦ that we like nothing better than to rid ourselves of a little of the accumulation by projecting it†¦ on the defenseless puppets of the dramatic imagination'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHamlet: His Own Falstaff'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 13). Cedric Watts stresses perhaps the most important belief in the analysis of Hamlet: ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœthere is no master-Hamlet to be discovered by poring over the text, and we don†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ t need such a discovery'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn the Many Interpretations of Hamlet'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 63). Watts stresses that Hamlet was written not to be interpreted in one sole fashion, but to be interpreted in a multitude of different ways. The joy in trying to read Hamlet and analyze the reasons for his procrastination lay in the fact that, ‘†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœif we fail to seek what it never surrenders, we fail to enjoy what it renders'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn the Many Interpretations of Hamlet'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 63). —- BIBLIOGRAPHY (format is weird b/c I didn’t know how to cite a certain book that contained a collection of seperate essays) BIBLIOGRAPHY Bloom, Harold. Hamlet: Poem Unlimited. New York: Riverhead Books, 2003. Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Views: William Shakespeare- The Tragedies. Philadelphia, PA: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Intellectualism.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Danson, Lawrence. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœTragic Alphabet.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Modern Critical Interpretations: William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet. 1986 ed. Freud, Sigmund. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet and His Father.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Frye, Northrop. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Tragedy of Order.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Modern Critical Views: William Shakespeare- The Tragedies. 1986 ed. Goddard, Harold. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœHamlet: His Own Falstaff.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Modern Critical Interpretations: William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet. 1986 ed. Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn William Meister and Hamlet.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Major Dramatists: Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Tragedies. 2000 ed. Hazlitt, William. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Power of Action.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Major Dramatists: Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Tragedies. 2000 ed. Levin, Harry. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœInterrogation, Doubt, Irony.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Modern Critical Views: William Shakespeare- The Tragedies. 1986 ed. Lewis, C.S. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Soliloquies.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. McAlindon, T. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Love in Hamlet.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Nietzsche, Friedrich. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet as the Dionysian Man.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Perry, Curtis. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœThematic and Structural Analysis.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Rosenblum, Joseph. A Reader†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Guide to Shakespeare. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1999. Schlegel, August Wilhelm von. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Hamlet†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Flaws.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet: Price of Denmark. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1603. Watts, Cedric. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn the Many Interpretations of Hamlet.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed. Wilde, Oscar. ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ËœOn Rosencrantz and Guildenstern.'†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ William Shakespeare†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Hamlet: Bloom†Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ s Notes, 1996 ed.

Vaccines The Causative Agent Of A Disease Essay

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